Codeforces Round #364 (Div. 2) E. Connecting Universities

問題

http://codeforces.com/contest/701/problem/E

N 頂点のツリー状に 2K 個の大学があります。これらの大学を K このペアに分割します。ペアとなっている大学間の距離の合計が最大となるようにペアを作るとき、その最大値を答えてください。

解法

辺 (v, p) を見ているとき、min(v側の大学の数, p側の大学の数)だけ、辺(v, p)上を通り道にするペアが存在します。これを各辺について計算します。

コード

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;

/*
                   _ooOoo_
                  o8888888o
                  88" . "88
                  (| -_- |)
                  O\  =  /O
               ____/`---'\____
             .'  \\|     |//  `.
            /  \\|||  :  |||//  \
           /  _||||| -:- |||||-  \
           |   | \\\  -  /// |   |
           | \_|  ''\---/''  |   |
           \  .-\__  `-`  ___/-. /
         ___`. .'  /--.--\  `. . __
      ."" '<  `.___\_<|>_/___.'  >'"".
     | | :  `- \`.;`\ _ /`;.`/ - ` : | |
     \  \ `-.   \_ __\ /__ _/   .-` /  /
======`-.____`-.___\_____/___.-`____.-'======
                   `=---='
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
            pass System Test!
*/

public class Main {
  private static class Task {
    long K;
    boolean[] univ;
    ArrayList<Integer>[] graph;
    long ans = 0;

    // 辺 (v, p) を観た時に、v以下にある大学の数を返す
    long dfs(int v, int p) {
      long vSide = 0;
      if (univ[v]) vSide++;
      for (int u : graph[v]) {
        if (u == p) continue;
        vSide += dfs(u, v);
      }
      long pSide = 2 * K - vSide;

      // 辺 (v, p) を通る道の数を計上する
      if (p != -1) ans += Math.min(pSide, vSide);
      return vSide;
    }

    void solve(FastScanner in, PrintWriter out) throws Exception {
      int N = in.nextInt();
      K = in.nextInt();
      graph = new ArrayList[N];
      for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) graph[i] = new ArrayList<>();
      univ = new boolean[N];
      for (int i = 0; i < 2 * K; i++) {
        int x = in.nextInt() - 1;
        univ[x] = true;
      }
      for (int i = 0; i < N - 1; i++) {
        int v = in.nextInt() - 1;
        int u = in.nextInt() - 1;
        graph[v].add(u);
        graph[u].add(v);
      }

      dfs(0, -1);
      out.println(ans);

    }
  }

  /**
   * ここから下はテンプレートです。
   */
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    OutputStream outputStream = System.out;
    FastScanner in = new FastScanner();
    PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(outputStream);
    Task solver = new Task();
    solver.solve(in, out);
    out.close();
  }
  private static class FastScanner {
    private final InputStream in = System.in;
    private final byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    private int ptr = 0;
    private int bufferLength = 0;

    private boolean hasNextByte() {
      if (ptr < bufferLength) {
        return true;
      } else {
        ptr = 0;
        try {
          bufferLength = in.read(buffer);
        } catch (IOException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        }
        if (bufferLength <= 0) {
          return false;
        }
      }
      return true;
    }

    private int readByte() {
      if (hasNextByte()) return buffer[ptr++];
      else return -1;
    }

    private static boolean isPrintableChar(int c) {
      return 33 <= c && c <= 126;
    }

    private void skipUnprintable() {
      while (hasNextByte() && !isPrintableChar(buffer[ptr])) ptr++;
    }

    boolean hasNext() {
      skipUnprintable();
      return hasNextByte();
    }

    public String next() {
      if (!hasNext()) throw new NoSuchElementException();
      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
      int b = readByte();
      while (isPrintableChar(b)) {
        sb.appendCodePoint(b);
        b = readByte();
      }
      return sb.toString();
    }

    long nextLong() {
      if (!hasNext()) throw new NoSuchElementException();
      long n = 0;
      boolean minus = false;
      int b = readByte();
      if (b == '-') {
        minus = true;
        b = readByte();
      }
      if (b < '0' || '9' < b) {
        throw new NumberFormatException();
      }
      while (true) {
        if ('0' <= b && b <= '9') {
          n *= 10;
          n += b - '0';
        } else if (b == -1 || !isPrintableChar(b)) {
          return minus ? -n : n;
        } else {
          throw new NumberFormatException();
        }
        b = readByte();
      }
    }

    double nextDouble() {
      return Double.parseDouble(next());
    }

    double[] nextDoubleArray(int n) {
      double[] array = new double[n];
      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        array[i] = nextDouble();
      }
      return array;
    }

    double[][] nextDoubleMap(int n, int m) {
      double[][] map = new double[n][];
      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        map[i] = nextDoubleArray(m);
      }
      return map;
    }

    public int nextInt() {
      return (int) nextLong();
    }

    public int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
      int[] array = new int[n];
      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) array[i] = nextInt();
      return array;
    }

    public long[] nextLongArray(int n) {
      long[] array = new long[n];
      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) array[i] = nextLong();
      return array;
    }

    public String[] nextStringArray(int n) {
      String[] array = new String[n];
      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) array[i] = next();
      return array;
    }

    public char[][] nextCharMap(int n) {
      char[][] array = new char[n][];
      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) array[i] = next().toCharArray();
      return array;
    }

    public int[][] nextIntMap(int n, int m) {
      int[][] map = new int[n][];
      for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        map[i] = nextIntArray(m);
      }
      return map;
    }
  }
}